Page 127 - MEGIN Book Of Abstracts - 2023

Dyslexia

Neural sampling of the speech signal at different in neurophysiological bands corresponding to stress
timescales by children with dyslexia (2022) and syllable-level information (<5 Hz in our materials),
and phoneme-level information (12-40 Hz). Functional
Mandke, Kanad; Flanagan, Sheila; Macfarlane, Annabel; connectivity analyses showed network differences
Gabrielczyk, Fiona; Wilson, Angela; Gross, Joachim; between groups in both hemispheres, with dyslexic
Goswami, Usha children showing significantly reduced global network
efficiency. Global network efficiency correlated with
Centre for Neuroscience in Education, Department of dyslexic children's oral language development and
Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, with control children's reading development. These de-
United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected]; velopmental data suggest that dyslexia is characterized
Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, University by atypical neural sampling of auditory information at
of Münster, Münster, Germany slower rates. They also throw new light on the nature
of the gamma band temporal sampling differences
ABSTRACT Phonological difficulties characterize reported in MEG dyslexia studies with adults.
individuals with dyslexia across languages. Currently
debated is whether these difficulties arise from atypi- Keywords: Dyslexia, Magnetoencephalography, Neural
cal neural sampling of (or entrainment to) auditory oscillations, Phonological deficit, Speech processing
information in speech at slow rates (<10 Hz, related to
speech rhythm), faster rates, or neither. MEG studies NeuroImage (2022), Vol. 253 (35278708) (3 citations)
with adults suggest that atypical sampling in dyslexia
affects faster modulations in the neurophysiological
gamma band, related to phoneme-level representation. The role of reading experience in atypical cortical
However, dyslexic adults have had years of reduced tracking of speech and speech-in-noise in dyslexia
experience in converting graphemes to phonemes, (2022)
which could itself cause atypical gamma-band activ-
ity. The present study was designed to identify specific Destoky, Florian; Bertels, Julie; Niesen, Maxime; Wens,
linguistic timescales at which English children with Vincent; Vander Ghinst, Marc; Rovai, Antonin; Trotta,
dyslexia may show atypical entrainment. Adopting a Nicola; Lallier, Marie; De Tiège, Xavier; Bourguignon,
developmental focus, we hypothesized that children Mathieu
with dyslexia would show atypical entrainment to the
prosodic and syllable-level information that is exagger- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie transla-
ated in infant-directed speech and carried primarily by tionnelles, UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre
amplitude modulations <10 Hz. MEG was recorded in de Bruxelles (ULB), 808 Leenik Street, Brussels 1070, Belgium.
a naturalistic story-listening paradigm. The modulation Electronic address: [email protected]; Laboratoire de
bands related to different types of linguistic informa- Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles, UNI-ULB
tion were derived directly from the speech materials, Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB),
and lagged coherence at multiple temporal rates 808 Leenik Street, Brussels 1070, Belgium; Consciousness,
spanning 0.9-40 Hz was computed. Group differences Cognition and Computation Group, UNI-ULB Neuroscience
in lagged speech-brain coherence between children Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium;
with dyslexia and control children were most marked Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie transla-

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