Page 131 - MEGIN Book Of Abstracts - 2023

guage skills because language functions are typically groups showed reduced activation for the recurring
lateralized to the left hemisphere. This interpretation is word forms 400-1200 ms after word onset in the right
supported by our further finding that atypical auditory auditory cortex, replicating the results of our previ-
responses in at-risk infants consistently predicted syn- ous study on typically developing children (Nora et al.,
tactic processing between 18 and 30 months and word 2017, Children show right-lateralized effects of spo-
production at 18 and 21 months of age. These results ken word-form learning. PLoS ONE 12(2): e0171034).
suggest a possible early marker of risk for dyslexia in However, only the control group consistently showed a
at-risk infants. similar reduction of activation for recurring word forms
in the left temporal areas. The results highlight the
Keywords: Auditory, Dyslexia, Infant, MEG, Marker importance of left-hemispheric phonological process-
ing for efficient phonological representations and its
NeuroImage. Clinical (2021), Vol. 30 (33581583) (5 disruption in dyslexia.
citations)
Keywords: Dyslexia, Magnetoencephalography, Phono-
logical learning, Reading acquisition
Children at risk for dyslexia show deficient left-
hemispheric memory representations for new NeuroImage (2021), Vol. 229 (33454404) (3 citations)
spoken word forms (2021)

Nora, A; Renvall, H; Ronimus, M; Kere, J; Lyytinen, H; Impaired neural response to speech edges in
Salmelin, R dyslexia (2021)

Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Lizarazu, Mikel; Lallier, Marie; Bourguignon, Mathieu;
and Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, Carreiras, Manuel; Molinaro, Nicola
FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. Electronic address: anni.nora@
aalto.fi; Niilo Mäki Instituutti, FI-40100 Jyväskylä, Finland; BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language,
Department of Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain; LSCP, Département d'études
Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, University of Cognitives, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL Research University, 75005,
Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland Paris, France. Electronic address: [email protected]; Labo-
ratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau, Hopital
ABSTRACT Developmental dyslexia is a specific learn- Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; BCBL,
ing disorder with impairments in reading and spelling Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia/
acquisition. Apart from literacy problems, dyslexics San Sebastian, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for
show inefficient speech encoding and deficient novel Science, Bilbao, Spain; University of the Basque Country (UPV/
word learning, with underlying problems in phonologi- EHU), Bilbao, Spain
cal processing and learning. These problems have been
suggested to be related to deficient specialization of ABSTRACT Speech comprehension has been proposed
the left hemisphere for language processing. To exam- to critically rely on oscillatory cortical tracking, that is,
ine this possibility, we tracked with magnetoencepha- phase alignment of neural oscillations to the slow tem-
lography (MEG) the activation of the bilateral temporal poral modulations (envelope) of speech. Speech-brain
cortices during formation of neural memory traces for entrainment is readjusted over time as transient events
new spoken word forms in 7-8-year-old children with (edges) in speech lead to speech-brain phase realign-
high familial dyslexia risk and in controls. The at-risk ment. Auditory behavioral research suggests that pho-
children improved equally to their peers in overt repeti- nological deficits in dyslexia are linked to difficulty in
tion of recurring new word forms, but were poorer in discriminating speech edges. Importantly, research to
explicit recognition of the recurring word forms. Both date has not specifically examined neural responses to

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