Page 259 - MEGIN Book Of Abstracts - 2023

ABSTRACT Neuronal populations in the brain are Neuroinformatics, 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0288,
engaged in a temporally coordinated manner at rest. Japan. Electronic address: [email protected].
Here we show that spontaneous transitions between ac.jp; University of Oxford, Institute of Biomedical Engineer-
large-scale resting-state networks are altered in chronic ing, Department of Engineering Science, Old Road Campus
neuropathic pain. We applied an approach based on Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; National Institute
the Hidden Markov Model to magnetoencephalogra- for Information and Communications Technology, Center for
phy data to describe how the brain moves from one Information and Neural Networks, 1-3 Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
activity state to another. This identified 12 fast tran- Japan; RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Nihon-
sient (~80 ms) brain states including the sensorimotor, bashi 1-chome Mitsui Building, 15th floor, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi,
ascending nociceptive pathway, salience, visual, and Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; ATR Neural Information
default mode networks. Compared to healthy controls, Analysis Laboratories, Department of Computational Brain
we found that people with neuropathic pain exhibited Imaging, 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan;
abnormal alpha power in the right ascending nocicep- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department
tive pathway state, but higher power and coherence in of Neurosurgery, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
the sensorimotor network state in the beta band, and Japan; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine,
shorter time intervals between visits of the sensorimo- Department of Neuromodulation and Neurosurgery, 2-2 Ya-
tor network, indicating more active time in this state. madaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; ATR Computational
Conversely, the neuropathic pain group showed lower Neuroscience Laboratories, Department of Neuroinformatics,
coherence and spent less time in the frontal attentional 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan; Kyoto Uni-
state. Therefore, this study reveals a temporal imbal- versity, Graduate School of Informatics, Yoshidahonmachi,
ance and dysregulation of spectral frequency-specific Sakyoku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
brain microstates in patients with neuropathic pain.
These findings can potentially impact the development ABSTRACT Phantom limb pain is attributed to abnor-
of a mechanism-based therapeutic approach by identi- mal sensorimotor cortical representations, although
fying brain targets to stimulate using neuromodulation the causal relationship between phantom limb pain
to modify abnormal activity and to restore effective and sensorimotor cortical representations suffers from
neuronal synchrony between brain states. the potentially confounding effects of phantom hand
movements. We developed neurofeedback training to
Communications biology (2022), Vol. 5, No. 1 (36131088) change sensorimotor cortical representations without
(0 citations) explicit phantom hand movements or hand-like visual
feedback. We tested the feasibility of neurofeedback
training in fourteen patients with phantom limb pain.
Neurofeedback Training without Explicit Phantom Neurofeedback training was performed in a single-
Hand Movements and Hand-Like Visual Feedback to blind, randomized, crossover trial using two decoders
Modulate Pain: A Randomized Crossover Feasibility constructed using motor cortical currents measured
Trial (2022) during phantom hand movements; the motor corti-
cal currents contralateral or ipsilateral to the phan-
Yanagisawa, Takufumi; Fukuma, Ryohei; Seymour, Ben; tom hand (contralateral and ipsilateral training) were
Tanaka, Masataka; Yamashita, Okito; Hosomi, Koichi; estimated from magnetoencephalograms. Patients
Kishima, Haruhiko; Kamitani, Yukiyasu; Saitoh, Youichi were instructed to control the size of a disk, which was
proportional to the decoding results, but to not move
Osaka University, Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, their phantom hands or other body parts. The pain
2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka Uni- assessed by the visual analogue scale was significantly
versity Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Neuro- greater after contralateral training than after ipsilat-
surgery, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; ATR eral training. Classification accuracy of phantom hand
Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Department of movements significantly increased only after contralat-

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