Page 261 - MEGIN Book Of Abstracts - 2023

Racial outgroup favoritism in neural responses A Review of Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation
to others' pain emerges during sociocultural on Spectral Features in Resting-State
interactions (2022) Electroencephalography (2023)

Zhou, Yuqing; Pang, Chenyu; Pu, Yue; Han, Shihui Witjes, Bart; Ottenheym, Lucas A; Huygen, Frank J P M;
de Vos, Cecile C
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/
McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine,
of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Neth-
China. Electronic address: [email protected]; erlands. Electronic address: [email protected]; Joint
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/Mc- Degree Technical Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center,
Govern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Delft University of Technology and Erasmus University Medi-
Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. cal Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Electronic address: [email protected]
BACKGROUND Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an ef-
ABSTRACT Racial ingroup favoritism in empathic brain fective therapy for patients with refractory chronic pain
activity has been widely observed and is associated syndromes. Although studies have shown that SCS has
with biased behavior toward same-race and other-race both spinal and supraspinal effects, the current under-
individuals. We investigated whether racial outgroup standing of cortical effects is still limited. Neuroimaging
favoritism in neural responses to others' pain - an techniques, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG)
objective measure of empathy - may emerge during and electroencephalography (EEG), combined here as
sociocultural interactions in a new social environment. M/EEG, can reveal modulations in ongoing resting-state
We recorded magnetoencephalography to pain and cortical activity. We aim to provide an overview of avail-
neutral expressions of Asian and White faces from able literature on resting-state M/EEG in patients with
White students who had stayed in China for 6-36 weeks chronic pain who have been treated with SCS.
(Experimental group) or 2-4 weeks (Control group). The
experimental group showed better neural decoding of MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched multiple
and greater insular/sensorimotor responses to pain vs. online data bases for studies on SCS, chronic pain, and
neutral expressions of Asian compared to White faces. resting-state M/EEG. Primary outcome measures were
By contrast, the control group showed better neural changes in spectral features, combined with brain
decoding of pain vs. neutral expressions of White than regions in which these changes occurred.
Asian faces. In addition, participants of the experi-
mental group who had stayed longer in China showed RESULTS We included eight studies reporting various
greater sensorimotor responses to pain (vs. neutral) SCS paradigms (tonic, burst, high-dose, and high-
expressions of Asian faces but weaker sensorimotor frequency stimulation) and revealing heterogeneity in
responses to pain (vs. neutral) expressions of White outcome parameters. We summarized changes in corti-
faces. Our findings revealed emerging racial outgroup cal activity in various frequency bands: theta (4-7 Hz),
favoritism in brain activities associated with sensorimo- alpha (7-12 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz), and gamma (30-44 Hz).
tor resonance and affective sharing of others' pain In multiple studies, the somatosensory cortex showed
during sociocultural interactions. modulation of cortical activity under tonic, burst, and
high-frequency stimulation. Changes in connectivity
Keywords: Empathy, Insula, MEG, Pain expression, Racial were found in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dor-
outgroup favoritism solateral prefrontal cortex, and parahippocampus.

Neuropsychologia (2022), Vol. 174 (35835232) (0 citations) CONCLUSIONS The large heterogeneity observed in
outcome measures is probably caused by the large

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