Page 35 - MEGIN Book Of Abstracts - 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Gamma oscillations point to the role of primary that the GR suppression in V1 was reduced in boys with
visual cortex in atypical motion processing in ASD, while their ability to detect the direction of mo-
autism (2023) tion was compromised only in the case of small stimuli.
In TD boys, the GR suppression directly correlated with
Orekhova, Elena V; Manyukhina, Viktoriya O; Galuta, Ilia perceptual suppression caused by increasing stimulus
A; Prokofyev, Andrey O; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E; Obukhova, size, thus suggesting the role of the top-down modula-
Tatiana S; Fadeev, Kirill A; Schneiderman, Justin F; tions of V1 in surround inhibition. In ASD, weaker GR
Stroganova, Tatiana A suppression was associated with the poor directional
sensitivity to small stimuli, but not with perceptual
Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow suppression. These results strongly suggest that a local
State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Rus- inhibitory deficit in V1 plays an important role in the
sian Federation; National Research University Higher School reduction of directional sensitivity in ASD and that
of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation; MedTech West this perceptual deficit cannot be explained exclusively
and the Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgren- by atypical top-down modulation of V1 by higher-tier
ska Academy, The University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, cortical areas.
Sweden
PloS one (2023), Vol. 18, No. 2 (36780507) (0 citations)
ABSTRACT Neurophysiological studies suggest that
abnormal neural inhibition may explain a range of
sensory processing differences in autism spectrum Machine learning approaches
disorders (ASD). In particular, the impaired ability for electroencephalography and
of people with ASD to visually discriminate the mo- magnetoencephalography analyses in autism
tion direction of small-size objects and their reduced spectrum disorder: A systematic review (2023)
perceptual suppression of background-like visual
motion may stem from deficient surround inhibition Das, Sushmit; Zomorrodi, Reza; Mirjalili, Mina; Kirkovski,
within the primary visual cortex (V1) and/or its atypical Melissa; Blumberger, Daniel M; Rajji, Tarek K; Desarkar,
top-down modulation by higher-tier cortical areas. In Pushpal
this study, we estimate the contribution of abnormal
surround inhibition to the motion-processing deficit Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada;
in ASD. For this purpose, we used a putative correlate Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addic-
of surround inhibition-suppression of the magnetoen- tion and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for
cephalographic (MEG) gamma response (GR) caused by Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Temerty
an increase in the drift rate of a large annular high- Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addic-
contrast grating. The motion direction discrimination tion and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for
thresholds for the gratings of different angular sizes (1° Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Campbell
and 12°) were assessed in a separate psychophysical Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction
paradigm. The MEG data were collected in 42 boys with and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Adult Neurode-
ASD and 37 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7-15 velopmental and Geriatric Psychiatry Division, Centre for
years. Psychophysical data were available in 33 and 34 Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute
of these participants, respectively. The results showed of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON,

 ontents  Index 14
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